Gatekeeper (Pyronia tithonus)
The Gatekeeper is a common butterfly in Britain, and its emergence in summer is perceived by many naturalists to indicate the height of summer, as bramble is flowering. Its upperwings are a rich orange with a brown margin and an eyespot, to deter predators. The underwing is similar. Males are smaller than females, with more brightly coloured wings.
Habitat
This species is found win a variety of grasslands, especially if shrubs are nearby.
Behaviour
Males set up small territories, often centred on a particular shrub or bush, and will fly up from their perch to investigate passing butterflies in the hope of finding a mate.
Feeding
Adults use a variety of nectar sources, including Bramble, Thistle and Ragwort. Caterpillars feed on Bents, Fescues and Meadow-grasses.
Life cycle
Eggs are laid singly, usually in shade underneath a shrub, either on the foodplant or on nearby vegetation. Caterpillars emerge after 3 weeks, eating its own eggshell on hatching and then feed on the foodplant, before hibernating over winter. Adults emerge the following summer.